Umsebenzi wenguqu eluhlaza usenzima.Ishishini lentsimbi kufuneka liqaphele iingxaki ezintathu
UZhang Dawei uthe ngelixa esenza impumelelo, kufuneka sizazi kakuhle iingxaki ezintathu esijongene nazo.
Okokuqala, iziphumo zolawulo azikazinzi, kwaye imeko yongcoliseko lomoya iseyingozi.Nangona ugxininiso lwesizwe lwe-PM2.5 lwehle lwaya kutsho kuma-micrograms angama-29 nge-cubic meter nganye ngo-2022, luphinda-phinda kabini ukuya kwezine kwinqanaba langoku kumazwe aseYurophu naseMelika, kunye namaxesha amathandathu exabiso lesikhokelo se-WHO samva nje."Kwilizwe lethu, isinye kwisithathu sezixeko ayikafikeleli kumgangatho, ikakhulu sigxile kwiindawo ezinabantu abaninzi abasembindini nasempuma, kwaye uninzi lwezixeko ezinomthamo wentsimbi kunye nentsimbi yokuvelisa ayikafikeleli kumgangatho.""Umgangatho womoya usasilela kakhulu kwinjongo yokwakha i-China entle kunye nemfuneko yesimanje yokuhlalisana phakathi komntu nendalo," utshilo uZhang.Umgangatho womoya unokubuyela umva ngokulula ukuba kukho impazamo encinci.”
Okwesibini, iingxaki zesakhiwo zivelele, kwaye ukuguqulwa okuluhlaza kwentsimbi kunye nentsimbi kuhlala kungumsebenzi omde kunye nonzima.U-Zhang Dawei ubonise ukuba ukukhutshwa okupheleleyo kwe-sulfur dioxide, i-nitrogen oxide kunye ne-particulate matter evela kwi-industry yensimbi isaqala kuqala phakathi kwamacandelo oshishino, kunye nokukhutshwa kwe-carbon dioxide (i-15 ekhulwini) nayo ibeka kuqala phakathi kweenkampani ezingenamandla.Ukuba ezothutho zongezwa, ukukhutshwa kwezinto ezikhutshwayo kuphezulu nangakumbi."Oyena nobangela kukuba iingxaki zesakhiwo seshishini ngokwalo azikaphuculwa ngokusisiseko."Udwelise ukuba, ukuba ulwakhiwo lwenkqubo lulawulwa yinkqubo ende, imveliso yentsimbi yesithando sombane ibalelwa kuphela malunga ne-10% yemveliso yentsimbi ekrwada iyonke, nto leyo ingumsantsa omkhulu womyinge wehlabathi wama-28%, 68% eUnited States, i-40% kwi-European Union kunye ne-24% eJapan.Ulwakhiwo lwentlawulo luyi-sinter ngokukhutshwa okuphezulu, kwaye umlinganiselo weepellets kwisithando somlilo ungaphantsi kwe-20%, i-gap enkulu kunye namazwe aseYurophu naseMelika.Ubume bamandla bulawulwa ngamalahle.Amalahle abalelwa kwi-92% yamandla athengwa lishishini lentsimbi kunye nentsimbi.Ukusetyenziswa kwamalahle kwimizi-mveliso kubalelwa kwi-20% yokusetyenziswa kwamalahle ewonke kweli lizwe (kubandakanywa ne-coking), kubekwe kwindawo yokuqala kushishino olungelulo umbane.Kwaye nangokunjalo.
Ukongeza, ishishini linabo oovimba abaneleyo beetekhnoloji eziphambili zokunciphisa ungcoliseko kunye nekhabhoni."Kungxamisekile ukudiliza izithintelo zobugcisa kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo phakathi kwamashishini ensimbi kunye neekhemikhali, ukuvuselela impembelelo yokwenziwa kwezinto ezintsha kwezobuchwepheshe kwishishini, kunye nokukhawulezisa uphando olusisiseko kunye nokusetyenziswa kobunjineli bokuphazamiseka kunye nokutsha kwe-carbon low-carbon metallurgical teknoloji."U-Zhang Dawei ubonise ukuba kwimvelaphi "yekhabhoni ephindwe kabini", imboni yensimbi eluhlaza umsebenzi wokuguqulwa kwekhabhoni ephantsi inzima.
Okwesithathu, inkqubela kwi-ultra-low emissions ihambelana noko kulindelweyo, kodwa ezinye iingxaki akufunekanga zingahoywa.Okokuqala, inkqubela phambili kweminye imimandla isemva.Iinkampani ezidweliswe ikakhulu kwingingqi yeBeijing-Tianjin-Hebei kunye neendawo ezingqongileyo kunye neFen-Wei Plain, ngelixa ingingqi yaseYangtze River Delta yenza inkqubela ecothayo.Okwangoku, ngama-5 kuphela amashishini kwiindawo ezingabalulekanga agqibe yonke inkqubo yenguqu kwaye ayipapashe.Uninzi lwamashishini kwamanye amaphondo akwinqanaba lokuqala lenguqu.Okwesibini, umgangatho wamanye amashishini awukho phezulu.Amanye amashishini aneengxaki ezithile, ezinjengokukhethwa kwenkqubo engafanelekanga, inguqu engaphelelanga, egxininisa ulawulo lokuphela kothintelo nolawulo lwemithombo.Okwesithathu, umgangatho wovavanyo kunye nomsebenzi wokubeka iliso kufuneka uphuculwe."Amanye amashishini akakho endaweni yokuguqula, ukuze adlulise ukwazisa, kuvavanyo kunye nokubeka iliso 'kwingqondo egwenxa', umsebenzi awukho ngqongqo kwaye awuqinanga, kwaye ubuxoki."UZhang Dawei wachaza ukuba ukuze kuphuculwe umgangatho wovavanyo kunye nomsebenzi wokubeka iliso, i-Ofisi yoMphathiswa we-Ecology kunye nokusiNgqongileyo kunye noMbutho weNsimbi babambe iingxoxo ezininzi ngo-2022, betyhala umbutho ukuba ulungelelanise itemplate yengxelo kwaye unyanzelise ngokungqongqo ukupapashwa, kodwa ingxaki ikho ngamanqanaba awahlukeneyo.”“Walatha.Okwesine, amashishini ngabanye aphumla ulawulo emva kokupapashwa, kunye nokuziphatha okungekho mthethweni.
Inqanaba eliphezulu lokukhuselwa kokusingqongileyo kwendalo, ishishini lentsimbi kunye namashishini ukwenza ezine "ingqwalasela engakumbi"
UZhang Dawei uthe ukuqwalaselwa ngokubanzi koMphathiswa we-Ecology kunye nokusiNgqongileyo kulo nyaka kukubambelela "kumanyathelo amathathu okulawula ungcoliseko" kunye "namanyathelo amahlanu achanekileyo", ngokuchasene ngokuqinileyo "nobukhulu obunye-bonke", ukuchasa ukunyanzeliswa. yeeleya ezininzi.Ngelixa uqhuba ulawulo lomoya, ubulungiseleli buya kulungelelanisa ukusebenza kakuhle kweshishini kunye nesiqinisekiso sobutyebi, kunye nokukhuthaza uphuhliso oluphezulu lweshishini lensimbi kunye nokukhusela okuphezulu.
"Kucetyiswa ukuba ishishini lentsimbi kunye namashishini kufuneka ajongane 'nobudlelwane obuthathu', oko kukuthi, ukujongana nobudlelwane phakathi kwezizathu zokudambisa kunye neengcambu, ixesha elide kunye nexesha elifutshane, uphuhliso kunye nokunciphisa ukukhutshwa, kwaye enze ezine." ingqalelo engakumbi '.Zhang Dawei wacebisa.
Okokuqala, siya kunika ingqwalasela ethe kratya kumanyathelo okunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwezakhiwo kunye nemithombo.“Phantsi kwenjongo yangoku 'yekhabhoni ezimbini', kufuneka sithathele ingqalelo ngakumbi kulwakhiwo, umthombo kunye neminye imilinganiselo.Imarike yekhabhoni yexesha elizayo kunye nentlawulo yekhabhoni nayo iya kuba nefuthe elikhulu kuphuhliso lweshishini, kwaye kufuneka sithathe umbono wexesha elide.U-Zhang ucebise ukuba imboni yensimbi kufuneka igxininise ekunyuseni umlinganiselo wemveliso yentsimbi emfutshane kwimibhobho yombane;Ukwandisa umlinganiselo weepellets ezisetyenziswe kwisithando somlilo kunye nokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-sinter;Siza kuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kombane, sandise umlinganiselo wombane oluhlaza osetyenziswayo, size sibuyisele amandla acocekileyo kwiziko lemizi-mveliso elibaswa ngamalahle.Amashishini aphakathi kunye nakarhulumente kufuneka adlale indima ephambili kwaye akhokele ekuboniseni nasekusebenziseni iteknoloji entsha yokubambisana ekunciphiseni ungcoliseko kunye nekhabhoni.
Okwesibini, siya kunikela ingqalelo ngakumbi kumgangatho we-ultra-low emission transformation.Le projekthi inkulu ayisayi kunyanzela amashishini kuphela ukuba adibane kwaye alungelelanise ngokutsha, aphucule izixhobo zokusebenza, kwaye aphucule uphuhliso olupheleleyo lwekhabhoni eluhlaza kunye nekhabhoni ephantsi kushishino lwentsimbi, kodwa ukwandise utyalo-mali olusebenzayo lwentlalo kunye nokunceda ukuzinzisa ukukhula koqoqosho."Sigxininise amaxesha amaninzi kwizihlandlo ezahlukeneyo ukuba utshintsho oluphantsi kakhulu kufuneka luzabalazele 'ezine ziyinyani', ukuphumeza 'ezine kufuneka kwaye ezine zenze', kwaye kufuneka zime kuvavanyo lwembali."Zhang Dawei uthe.
Okwesithathu, siya kunikela ingqalelo ngakumbi ekufezekiseni iimfuno eziphantsi kakhulu ngokwesiseko esizinzileyo nesizinzileyo.“Amashishini athe agqibezela inguqu ephantsi kakhulu kunye nopapasho kufuneka omeleze ngakumbi imisebenzi yeearhente zolawulo lokusingqongileyo, aphucule inqanaba lobuchwephesha labasebenzi bolawulo lokusingqongileyo, kwaye adlale ngokupheleleyo kwindima exhasayo yenkqubo yokuhlola ezothutho elungelelanisiweyo, engacwangciswanga necocekileyo. kulawulo lokusingqongileyo olusekwe kwinkqubo yenguqu ephantsi kakhulu, ukuze kuphunyezwe izinto ezikhutshwayo ezizinzileyo eziphantsi kakhulu.Akukho lula ukuyenza.”U-Zhang Dawei ugxininise ukuba ukukhutshwa kwe-ultra-low kwangoku kwentsimbi kuye kwakha indlela yokulawula amaqela amaninzi abandakanya urhulumente, amashishini kunye noluntu.
Uthe kwinyathelo elilandelayo, i-Ofisi yoMphathiswa we-Ecology kunye nokusiNgqongileyo iya kukhokela oorhulumente basekhaya ukuba basebenzise ngokupheleleyo imigaqo-nkqubo eyahlulahlulwe, bandise inkxaso yomgaqo-nkqubo kumashishini azinzileyo e-ultra-low emission, kwaye acele uMbutho weNsimbi ukuba urhoxise isaziso soluntu samashishini ukuba ayikwazi ukufikelela kwi-ultra-low emission kwaye ibe nokuziphatha okungekho mthethweni.Kwelinye icala, siya kuqinisa uhlolo lonyanzeliso lomthetho kunye nokubekwa kweliso okungqongqo kumashishini angekalugqibi uguqulo lwezinto ezikhutshwayo eziphantsi kakhulu.
Okwesine, nikela ingqalelo ngakumbi ekunciphiseni ungcoliseko kunye nekhabhoni kwiikhonkco zothutho.Ishishini lentsimbi kunye nentsimbi lishishini eliphambili kumlo ochasene neelori zedizili, kwaye ukukhutshwa kwe-akhawunti yezothutho malunga ne-20% yokukhutshwa okupheleleyo kwesityalo sonke."Inyathelo elilandelayo, amashishini kufuneka anike ingqwalasela ethe kratya ekufezekisweni kwezothutho ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwesityalo, aphucule umlinganiselo wokuthuthwa okucocekileyo kwezixhobo kunye neemveliso ezingaphandle kwesityalo, ukuthuthwa komgama ophakathi kunye nomgama omde ngololiwe okanye ngomzila wamanzi, ukuhamba umgama ophakathi kunye nomfutshane igalari yombhobho okanye izithuthi zamandla amatsha;Ukwakhiwa kwebhanti, umzila kunye nenkqubo yokuthutha itafile iya kuphunyezwa kumzi-mveliso ukunciphisa inani lokuhamba ngemoto kumzi-mveliso kunye nokurhoxisa ukuhanjiswa kwesibini kwezinto kumzi-mveliso. "U-Zhang Dawei uthe, sele ipapashiwe, kwiindlela ezintandathu zothutho lweemoto zamashishini, ikwacebise ukuba siphucule ngakumbi ubume bezothutho, siphucule ubungakanani bezothutho ezicocekileyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Feb-15-2023